尚硅谷大數(shù)據(jù)技術(shù)之Hive(新)第6章 查詢

5.2 數(shù)據(jù)導(dǎo)出

5.2.1 Insert導(dǎo)出

1.將查詢的結(jié)果導(dǎo)出到本地

hive (default)> insert overwrite local directory '/opt/module/datas/export/student'

????????????select * from student;

2.將查詢的結(jié)果格式化導(dǎo)出到本地

hive(default)>insert overwrite local directory '/opt/module/datas/export/student1'

???????????ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY '\t' ????????????select * from student;

3.將查詢的結(jié)果導(dǎo)出到HDFS上(沒有l(wèi)ocal)

hive (default)> insert overwrite directory '/user/atguigu/student2'

?????????????ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY '\t'

?????????????select * from student;

5.2.2 Hadoop命令導(dǎo)出到本地

hive (default)> dfs -get /user/hive/warehouse/student/month=201709/000000_0

/opt/module/datas/export/student3.txt;

5.2.3 Hive Shell 命令導(dǎo)出

基本語法:(hive -f/-e 執(zhí)行語句或者腳本 > file)

[atguigu@hadoop102 hive]$ bin/hive -e 'select * from default.student;' >

?/opt/module/datas/export/student4.txt;

5.2.4 Export導(dǎo)出到HDFS上

(defahiveult)>?export table default.student to

?'/user/hive/warehouse/export/student';

5.2.5 Sqoop導(dǎo)出

后續(xù)課程專門講。

5.3 清除表中數(shù)據(jù)(Truncate)

注意:Truncate只能刪除管理表,不能刪除外部表中數(shù)據(jù)

hive (default)> truncate table student;

https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/LanguageManual+Select

查詢語句語法:

[WITH CommonTableExpression (, CommonTableExpression)*]??? (Note: Only available

?starting with Hive?0.13.0)

SELECT [ALL | DISTINCT] select_expr, select_expr, ...

??FROM table_reference

??[WHERE where_condition]

??[GROUP BY col_list]

??[ORDER BY col_list]

??[CLUSTER BY col_list

????| [DISTRIBUTE BY col_list] [SORT BY col_list]

??]

?[LIMIT number]

6.1 基本查詢(Select…From)

6.1.1 全表和特定列查詢

1.全表查詢

hive (default)> select * from emp;

2.選擇特定列查詢

hive (default)> select empno, ename from emp;

注意:

(1)SQL 語言大小寫不敏感。?

(2)SQL 可以寫在一行或者多行

(3)關(guān)鍵字不能被縮寫也不能分行

(4)各子句一般要分行寫。

(5)使用縮進(jìn)提高語句的可讀性。